additional tools. The standards for unofficial investigations that were collected are presented comprehensibly in this Handbook, the Handbook on Civil Society Documentation of Serious Human Rights Violations. In addition, they are presented in a more visual and easily transportable way in the accompanying Field Guide on the Documentation of Serious Human Rights Violations. Moreover, PILPG, together with a consortium of partners, has produced a Human Rights Documentation Toolkit. The Human Rights Documentation Toolkit is a multi-sector and interactive online portal accessible to human rights documenters on the ground, providing them with existing documentation resources, best practices, and ongoing support from other documentation stakeholders. The Toolkit project will help break down barriers between documentation stakeholders in different sectors and increase collaboration and coordination on documentation efforts by creating a cross-sector set of broadly accepted practices, tools, and methods for human rights documentation. The HRD Toolkit was sponsored by the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, and will be an online portal of resources for documenters of human rights violations. The project was implemented by a consortium of ten diverse partner organizations: PILPG, the Humanitarian Law Center (HLC); International Coalition of Sites of Conscience (ISCS); OutRight Action International; the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS); the SecDev Foundation; SecDev Cyber; the Harvard Humanitarian Initiative (HHI); Physicians for Human Rights (PHR); and the International Bar Association’s eyeWitness to Atocities. All these materials are or will be available on the Public International Law & Policy Group’s website, at www.pilpg.org, in the “Knowledge Management” section, under “Toolkits and Handbooks.” With regard to this Handbook, Chapter 2 discusses important ethical and investigative principles, including the principle of doing no harm, the notions of confidentiality and informed consent, the risks of traumatization and re-traumatization, and the importance of a system of referrals to serviceproviders in the context of interactions with traumatized and vulnerable populations. In line with the overall tone of this Handbook, the Chapter also discusses the importance of managing expectations and striving to maintain the traceability of a chain of custody for the information collected. Finally, Chapter 2 discusses the importance of the preparation and planning phase, 19