1.4.5 Unofficial and Official Investigations The relationship between the audience of this Handbook and official investigators is one to be determined by official investigators themselves. This determination will depend on their mandates and procedural rules, and not the quality of the information collected by unofficial investigators. The quality of this information may however enhance cooperation when official investigators’ mandates and procedures allow for interaction with unofficial investigators. As, for example, the International Protocol on the Documentation and Investigation of Sexual Violence in Conflict provides, a “multi-sectoral approach [to justice] that includes collaboration between health professionals, lawyers, police and the judiciary” is essential to seeking justice for victims. 3 Similarly, this Handbook aims to contribute to the improvement of coordination and consistency of approach between all those involved, officially and unofficially. 1.4.6 Civil Society Organizations and Non-Governmental Organizations In this Handbook the term civil society organization (CSO) is often preferred to the term non-governmental organization (NGO), 4 as the former is comprehensive of the latter, and also includes formations that have not constituted themselves through an official legal status. The words are not used interchangeably, however, and NGO is used exclusively when addressing actors with NGO status. 1.5 PILPG Documentation of Serious Human Rights Violations materials In addition to the present Handbook, PILPG’s resources for the documentation of serious human rights violations encompass a number of http://folkebernadotteacademy.se/Documents/Kunskapsomr%C3%A5den/Rule%20of%20Law/A%20Hand book%20on%20Assisting%20International%20Criminal%20Investigations.pdf. 3 International Protocol on the Documentation and Investigation of Sexual Violence in Conflict (United Kingdom: Foreign and Commonwealth Office, June 2014), available at https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/319054/PSVI_protocol_web .pdf 4 The terms CSO and NGO are defined by UNDP, Possibilities for South-South Cooperation: NGOS, AND SCOS: A NOTE ON TERMINOLOGY, ANNEX I, available online http://www.cn.undp.org/content/dam/china/docs/Publications/UNDP-CH03%20Annexes.pdf. 18