WILL AWARENESS CHANGES ACTION Mapping Relevant Interim Outcomes Successful Mobilization of Public Voices Collaborative Action Among Partners Policy Change Increased Public Will or Support Stronger Coalitions New Political Champions Increased Advocacy Capacity Increased or Improved Media Coverage Increased Political Will or Support Changed Attitudes or Beliefs Changed Attitudes or Beliefs Changed Attitudes or Beliefs Increased Knowledge Increased Knowledge Increased Knowledge PUBLIC INFLUENCERS DECISION MAKERS AUDIENCES TIP: Make plans for how the interim outcomes might be captured as the advocacy strategy is implemented. Remember that these are only theories of how change is expected to occur. Measurement of interim outcomes will signal how those theories are playing out in practice and if strategies need adjustment. CONCLUSION The tool presented here for thinking about and articulating a theory of change takes into account the distinctive nature of advocacy strategy. It is audience-focused, facilitates thinking about the commonly collaborative nature of advocacy efforts and how efforts complement or misalign, and helps users to think about how to track progress and identify needed changes as theories play out in practice. Just as advocacy strategy is expected to evolve, so is the theory of change behind it. It is important to revisit questions in the tool periodically, checking back in on underlying assumptions, how partners or the opposition have shifted their focus, or if new future scenarios have emerged. 12