When working with minors, unofficial investigators should in particular: • Have training specific to approaching, interviewing and referring minors to enable themselves to address the specific vulnerabilities and capabilities of the minor. • Understand how to apply the principles of do no harm, confidentiality and informed consent specifically to working with minors, including the use of age-appropriate techniques when communicating with them. • Understand the distinct challenges that different groups of vulnerable minors may face, such as the risk of rejection by communities. • Avoid interaction with traumatized minors. 56 2.2.5 Interpreters and Intermediaries Interpreters It may prove necessary to rely on the use of an interpreter, and in these circumstances, the success of an information-gathering exercise depends heavily on the interpreter’s ability to facilitate communication. Similar to the interviewer or documenter, lack of cultural sensitivity on the part of the interpreters may prove detrimental to any effort in building rapport. Interpreters should therefore be chosen carefully and may require additional training in this respect.57 Be aware that interpreters with no experience in this area may be psychologically unprepared for what they will be confronted with during the course of the interview. This could negatively affect the quality of the translation or the way in which the interpreter and witness communicate. 58 Interpreters should be appropriately trained in: • Interpretation. • Working with victims and witnesses of serious human rights violations. 56 Foreign and Commonwealth Office, International Protocol on the Documentation and Investigation of Sexual Violence in Conflict, 30 (2014). 57 Foreign and Commonwealth Office, International Protocol on the Documentation and Investigation of Sexual Violence in Conflict, 39 (2014); Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, Prosecution of Sexual Violence: Best Practices Manual for the Investigation and Prosecution of Sexual Violence Crimes in Post-Conflict Regions: Lessons Learned from the Office of the Prosecutor for the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, 44 (2014), available at http://www.unictr.org/sites/unictr.org/files/publications/ICTR-Prosecution-of-Sexual-Violence.pdf. 58 Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, Prosecution of Sexual Violence: Best Practices Manual for the Investigation and Prosecution of Sexual Violence Crimes in PostConflict Regions, 39 (2014). 49