Endnotes 1 Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Right of Everyone to the Enjoyment of the Highest Attainable Standard of Physical and Mental Health, Paul Hunt, presented to the United Nations Human Rights Council (17 January 2007), UN Doc. A/HRC/4/28. 2 See Felner, E. (2008), ‘A New Frontier for Economic and Social Rights Advocacy?’, Center for Economic and Social Rights Briefing Paper; Anderson, E. (2008), ‘Using Quantitative Methods to Monitor Government Obligations in Terms of the Rights to Health and Education’, Center for Economic and Social Rights Briefing Paper; Corkery, A. (2010), ‘National Human Rights Institutions as Monitors of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights’, Center for Economic and Social Rights Briefing Paper. 3 Dowell-Jones, M. (2004), Contextualising the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Assessing the economic deficit, Martinus Nijhoff, at p.13. 4 Baderin & McCorquodale (2007), Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in Action, Oxford University Press. at p.10. 5 Alston, P., quoted in Baderin & McCorquodale, id., at p.11. 6 For a comprehensive compilation and summary of ESC rights jurisprudence worldwide, see International Network on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ESCR-Net) website ‘Caselaw database’, at: http://www. escr-net.org/caselaw. 7 A group of experts was convened by the International Commission of Jurists to elaborate on the Limburg Principles with regard to the nature and scope of violations of economic and social rights and to suggest appropriate responses and remedies. 8 See Maastricht Guidelines on Violations of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 2 October 2000, U.N. Doc. E/C.12/2000/13. 9 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Apr. 1, 1967, 993 U.N.T.S. 3. 10 Leckie, S. (1998), ‘Another Step Towards Indivisibility: Identifying the key features of violations of economic, social and cultural rights’, Human Rights Quarterly, vol.20, no.1, pp. 81-124. 11 Craven, M. C. R. (1995), The International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights: a perspective on its development, Clarendon Press. 12 Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights [CESCR], General Comment No. 3 The nature of States parties obligations (14 December 1990), contained in UN doc. E/1991/23, at para. 5. The rights identified include arts 3, 7 (a) (i), 8, 10 (3), 13 (2) (a), (3) and (4) and 15 (3). 13 See CESCR, General Comment No. 20 Non-discrimination in economic, social and cultural rights (2 July 2009), UN Doc. E/C.12/GC/20, at para. 7. Articles 2(2) and 3 of the Covenant call for state parties to guarantee that the rights enumerated within it be ‘exercised without discrimination of any kind as to race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status’ and require that states‘ undertake to ensure the equal rights of men and women to the enjoyment of all economic, social and cultural rights set forth’ respectively. See also, Limburg Principles on the Implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, UN Doc. E/ CN.4/1987/17 at paras. 37-38 (which affirm that these obligations include the elimination of both de jure and de facto discrimination). 14 CESCR, General Comment No. 20, id., at para. 36. Assessing compliance with the obligation to fulfill economic, social and cultural rights 33