Evidence comes from six primary sources: PHYSICAL Objects that can provide information about the events. Examples: Missile casings, rubber bullets, bruises on a victim’s body, tear-gas canisters, traces of blood at a crime scene, tire marks in the mud or samples from oil washed up on shore after a pipeline spill. TESTIMONY Written or verbal statements given by victims or those who know them, witnesses, suspects, experts, investigators, etc. Statements can be recorded on paper, with an audio recorder, or on-camera. The decision to interview a witness on camera is complicated. To learn more see “Testimony: Filming Preliminary Interviews” at vae.witness.org. Examples: An interview with the shop owner who was running a store when it was robbed, a declaration from the husband of the woman who was sexually assaulted, or a statement from an investigator detailing his or her findings at the crime scene. FORENSIC OR TECHNICAL ANALYSIS Forensics and technical analysis are almost always a combination of physical evidence and testimonial evidence, as the analysis is typically presented in a report from an expert who has based his or her conclusions on physical evidence. Examples: Reports on the toxicity level of the water in a local village after an alleged poisoning, the number of homes burned based on satellite imagery and videos, the type of weapon used based on the impact zone, whether there were traces of chemical weapons on a missile casing, the estimated amount of oil spilled, the estimated number of refugees, etc. 43 VIDEO AS EVIDENCE: ALL ABOUT EVIDENCE V 1.0 LAW SOURCES OF EVIDENCE