 Conduct a risk assessment (see Section 2.2.1)  Prepare an interview plan and questions (see Section 3.4.1)  Identify care and refer to appropriate care providers (see Section 2.1.4)  Familiarize self with the context and local customs  Where needed, carefully select reliable interpreters and/or intermediaries (see Section 2.2.5)  Bring recording devices, pens, paper, camera and ruler to document external injuries  Choose a safe, private, culturally appropriate and comfortable location  Prepare documents, diagrams, photographs, and maps to show to the interviewee  Determine a safe and confidential system for recording, transporting and storing information  Bring drinking water for everyone, snacks if possible, and ensure that there is a bathroom available Consider that a witness/victim may need some time to accustom to the situation of the interview and feels comfortable enough to express him or herself. Try to schedule enough time for an interview. 129 To avoid bias, try to have interviews with individuals from all sides of the conflict.130 Anticipate potential issues that may arise during the interview and how to respond. For example, a victim/witness may become distressed, and they may have concerns about security and confidentiality. 131 Interviewers should create a safe and supportive environment in which victims/witnesses feel comfortable enough to share their experiences about the violations/crimes that have occurred. 132 129 International Bar Association and Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Guidelines on International Human Rights Fact-Finding Visits and Reports (The Lund-London Guidelines), 6 (2009), available at http://www.ibanet.org/Document/Default.aspx?DocumentUid=D7BFB4EA-8EB6-474F-B22162F9A5E302AE. 130 International Bar Association and Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Guidelines on International Human Rights Fact-Finding Visits and Reports (The Lund-London Guidelines), 5 (2009), available at http://www.ibanet.org/Document/Default.aspx?DocumentUid=D7BFB4EA-8EB6-474F-B22162F9A5E302AE. 131 Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, Prosecution of Sexual Violence: Best Practices Manual for the Investigation and Prosecution of Sexual Violence Crimes in PostConflict Regions: Lessons Learned from the Office of the Prosecutor for the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, 40 (2014), available at http://www.unictr.org/sites/unictr.org/files/publications/ICTR-Prosecution-of-Sexual-Violence.pdf. 132 Foreign and Commonwealth Office, International Protocol on the Documentation and Investigation of Sexual Violence in Conflict: Basic Standards of Best Practice on The Documentation of Sexual Violence as a Crime under International Law, 17 (2014), available at https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/319054/PSVI_protocol_web .pdf. 96