appropriate. For example, the International Criminal Court requires that, for an
individual to be convicted of a crime, the Court must be convinced of the guilt of the
accused “beyond reasonable doubt.”20
Step 2: Develop your approach and team
In light of the knowledge gained from step 1, it should be possible to determine how
you will undertake the documentation process. Given your financial resources and
personnel, try to determine a timeframe for achieving your objectives.
Second, consider how you will establish the documentation team. Careful thought
should be given to preserving the credibility, neutrality, and independence of your
team when selecting team members. Also consider whether or not your team
members have experience as interviewers; their knowledge of the local context and
population; whether or not they are able to perform well under pressure or work
independently; whether or not they have a non-judgmental demeanor and an
aptitude for establishing rapport.
Ideally, your team will comprise individuals with a range of backgrounds including
human rights, conflict, legal, medical, and psychosocial expertise, as well as
professional interpreters, if necessary. Gender balance is also an important
consideration in developing your team.
Volunteers
It may be appropriate for your team to recruit volunteers to assist with your
work. There are a number of advantages associated with using volunteers—
most notably a larger team of people with potentially new and diverse skills and
experience on which to draw—but there are a number of factors that should be
kept in mind to ensure that volunteers are effective.
There are costs associated with using volunteers: time and money need
to be invested in recruiting and training volunteers. The latter may be
particularly time-intensive given the varying level of skills and
experience volunteers may have. Volunteer are also likely to require
reimbursement for any costs that they incur that are incidental to their
work, e.g. transportation.
Given the sensitive nature of human rights documentation, volunteers
need to be thoroughly screened before they are recruited. In this context,
team diversity, objectivity, and impartiality are key. As with any team
member, you must ensure that there are no biases based on religion,
ethnicity, or political affiliation.
To ensure a high quality of work by volunteers, other staff members
need to be available throughout a project to advise and retain oversight
of volunteers. This may detract from the time that full-time staff
members have to dedicate to their own work.
You should ensure that a volunteer’s terms of work are clear, preferably in an
agreement signed by your organization and the volunteer. The agreement should
state the nature of the relationship between the organization and the volunteer,
including any costs to be covered and liability associated with the work,
especially if there are security risks. Further, the agreement should clearly set
out requirements regarding the confidentiality of the work product.
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